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ABB Relion 670 Series REL670 Commissioning Manual
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ABB Relion 670 Series REL670 Commissioning Manual

ABB Relion 670 Series REL670 Commissioning Manual

Line distance protection 2.1 iec
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Line distance protection REL670 2.1 IEC
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  • Page 1 ® Relion 670 series Line distance protection REL670 2.1 IEC Commissioning manual...
  • Page 3 Document ID: 1MRK 506 355-UEN Issued: February 2016 Revision: A Product version: 2.1 © Copyright 2015 ABB. All rights reserved...
  • Page 4 Copyright This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written permission from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party, nor used for any unauthorized purpose. The software and hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license.
  • Page 5 In case any errors are detected, the reader is kindly requested to notify the manufacturer. Other than under explicit contractual commitments, in no event shall ABB be responsible or liable for any loss or damage resulting from the use of this manual or the application of the equipment.
  • Page 6 (EMC Directive 2004/108/EC) and concerning electrical equipment for use within specified voltage limits (Low-voltage directive 2006/95/EC). This conformity is the result of tests conducted by ABB in accordance with the product standard EN 60255-26 for the EMC directive, and with the product standards EN 60255-1 and EN 60255-27 for the low voltage directive.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Table of contents Table of contents Section 1 Introduction..............11 This manual..................11 Intended audience................11 Product documentation..............12 Product documentation set............12 Document revision history............13 Related documents..............14 Document symbols and conventions..........14 Symbols..................14 Document conventions..............15 IEC61850 edition 1 / edition 2 mapping..........16 Section 2 Safety information............
  • Page 8 Table of contents Checking optical connections............53 Section 5 Configuring the IED and changing settings....55 Overview...................55 Configuring analog CT inputs............56 Reconfiguring the IED..............56 Section 6 Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC communication............... 59 Entering settings................59 Entering SPA settings..............59 Entering IEC settings..............59 Verifying the communication............
  • Page 9 Table of contents Enable forcing by using LHMI..........77 Enable forcing using TESTMODE function block....78 How to change binary input/output signals using forcing.... 78 Forcing by using LHMI............78 Forcing by using PCM600............80 How to undo forcing changes and return the IED to normal operation..................82 Undo forcing by using TestMode component......82 Undo forcing by using LHMI...........
  • Page 10 Table of contents Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with settable angle FRPSPDIS...............104 Measuring the operating limit of set values......106 Completing the test.............. 107 High speed distance protection zones, quadrilateral and mho characteristic ZMFPDIS.............107 Measuring the operating limit of set values......111 Measuring the operating time of distance protection zones.
  • Page 11 Table of contents Current protection................145 Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection 3-phase output PHPIOC ..................145 Measuring the operate limit of set values......145 Completing the test.............. 145 Four step phase overcurrent protection 3-phase output OC4PTOC................. 145 Verifying the settings............146 Completing the test.............. 147 Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection EFPIOC ...
  • Page 12 Table of contents Verifying the settings............162 Completing the test.............. 163 Directional underpower protection GUPPDUP ......163 Verifying the settings............164 Completing the test.............. 165 Directional overpower protection GOPPDOP ......165 Verifying the settings............165 Completing the test.............. 166 Broken conductor check BRCPTOC ........166 Measuring the operate and time limit of set values....
  • Page 13 Table of contents Completing the test.............. 183 Overfrequency protection SAPTOF ..........183 Verifying the settings............183 Completing the test.............. 184 Rate-of-change frequency protection SAPFRC ......184 Verifying the settings............184 Completing the test.............. 185 Multipurpose protection..............185 General current and voltage protection CVGAPC..... 185 Built-in overcurrent feature (non-directional)......
  • Page 14 Table of contents Verifying the autorecloser function SMBRREC ....206 Checking the reclosing conditions ........207 Completing the test.............. 209 Apparatus control APC.............. 209 Single command, 16 signals SINGLECMD....... 209 Interlocking................210 Scheme communication..............210 Scheme communication logic for distance or overcurrent protection ZCPSCH ..............
  • Page 15 Table of contents Carrier receive logic LCCRPTRC ........224 Negative sequence overvoltage protection LCNSPTOV..225 Zero sequence overvoltage protection LCZSPTOV..... 226 Negative sequence overcurrent protection LCNSPTOC..227 Zero sequence overcurrent protection LCZSPTOC..... 228 Three phase overcurrent LCP3PTOC........228 Three phase undercurrent LCP3PTUC........ 229 Logic....................
  • Page 16 Table of contents Parameter setting group handling SETGRPS......243 Verifying the settings............243 Completing the test.............. 244 Exit test mode.................244 Section 11 Checking the directionality........... 245 Overview..................245 Testing the directionality of the distance protection......245 Section 12 Commissioning and maintenance of the fault clearing system............

  • Page 17: Section 1 Introduction

    Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction Section 1 Introduction This manual The commissioning manual contains instructions on how to commission the IED. The manual can also be used by system engineers and maintenance personnel for assistance during the testing phase. The manual provides procedures for the checking of external circuitry and energizing the IED, parameter setting and configuration as well as verifying settings by secondary injection.

  • Page 18: Product Documentation

    Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction Product documentation 1.3.1 Product documentation set Engineering manual Installation manual Commissioning manual Operation manual Application manual Technical manual Communication protocol manual Cyber security deployment guideline IEC07000220-4-en.vsd IEC07000220 V4 EN Figure 1: The intended use of manuals throughout the product lifecycle The engineering manual contains instructions on how to engineer the IEDs using the various tools available within the PCM600 software.

  • Page 19: Document Revision History

    Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction well as verifying settings by secondary injection. The manual describes the process of testing an IED in a substation which is not in service. The chapters are organized in the chronological order in which the IED should be commissioned. The relevant procedures may be followed also during the service and maintenance activities.

  • Page 20: Related Documents

    Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction 1.3.3 Related documents Documents related to REL670 Document numbers Application manual 1MRK 506 353-UEN Commissioning manual 1MRK 506 355-UEN Product guide 1MRK 506 356-BEN Technical manual 1MRK 506 354-UEN Type test certificate 1MRK 506 356-TEN 670 series manuals Document numbers Operation manual...

  • Page 21: Document Conventions

    Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction The caution hot surface icon indicates important information or warning about the temperature of product surfaces. Class 1 Laser product. Take adequate measures to protect the eyes and do not view directly with optical instruments. The caution icon indicates important information or warning related to the concept discussed in the text.

  • Page 22: Iec61850 Edition 1 / Edition 2 Mapping

    Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction • the character ^ in front of an input/output signal name indicates that the signal name may be customized using the PCM600 software. • the character * after an input signal name indicates that the signal must be connected to another function block in the application configuration to achieve a valid application configuration.
  • Page 23 Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction Function block name Edition 1 logical nodes Edition 2 logical nodes BUSPTRC_B8 BUSPTRC BUSPTRC BUSPTRC_B9 BUSPTRC BUSPTRC BUSPTRC_B10 BUSPTRC BUSPTRC BUSPTRC_B11 BUSPTRC BUSPTRC BUSPTRC_B12 BUSPTRC BUSPTRC BUSPTRC_B13 BUSPTRC BUSPTRC BUSPTRC_B14 BUSPTRC BUSPTRC BUSPTRC_B15 BUSPTRC BUSPTRC BUSPTRC_B16...
  • Page 24 Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction Function block name Edition 1 logical nodes Edition 2 logical nodes CBPGAPC CBPLLN0 CBPMMXU CBPMMXU CBPPTRC CBPPTRC HOLPTOV HOLPTOV HPH1PTOV HPH1PTOV PH3PTOC PH3PTUC PH3PTUC PH3PTOC RP3PDOP RP3PDOP CCPDSC CCRPLD CCPDSC CCRBRF CCRBRF CCRBRF CCRWRBRF CCRWRBRF CCRWRBRF...
  • Page 25 Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction Function block name Edition 1 logical nodes Edition 2 logical nodes FTAQFVR FTAQFVR FTAQFVR FUFSPVC SDDRFUF FUFSPVC SDDSPVC GENPDIF GENPDIF GENGAPC GENPDIF GENPHAR GENPTRC GOOSEBINRCV BINGREC GOOSEDPRCV DPGREC GOOSEINTLKRCV INTGREC GOOSEINTRCV INTSGREC GOOSEMVRCV MVGREC GOOSESPRCV BINSGREC...
  • Page 26 Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction Function block name Edition 1 logical nodes Edition 2 logical nodes LDRGFC STSGGIO LDRGFC LEXPDIS LEXPDIS LEXPDIS LEXPTRC LFPTTR LFPTTR LFPTTR LMBRFLO LMBRFLO LMBRFLO LOVPTUV LOVPTUV LOVPTUV LPHD LPHD LPTTR LPTTR LPTTR LT3CPDIF LT3CPDIF LT3CGAPC LT3CPDIF...
  • Page 27 Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction Function block name Edition 1 logical nodes Edition 2 logical nodes QCBAY QCBAY QCRSV QCRSV QCRSV REFPDIF REFPDIF REFPDIF ROTIPHIZ ROTIPHIZ ROTIPHIZ ROTIPTRC ROV2PTOV GEN2LLN0 PH1PTRC PH1PTRC ROV2PTOV ROV2PTOV SAPFRC SAPFRC SAPFRC SAPTOF SAPTOF SAPTOF SAPTUF...
  • Page 28 Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction Function block name Edition 1 logical nodes Edition 2 logical nodes TCLYLTC TCLYLTC TCLYLTC TCSLTC TCMYLTC TCMYLTC TCMYLTC TEIGAPC TEIGGIO TEIGAPC TEIGGIO TEILGAPC TEILGGIO TEILGAPC TMAGAPC TMAGGIO TMAGAPC TPPIOC TPPIOC TPPIOC TR1ATCC TR1ATCC TR1ATCC TR8ATCC TR8ATCC...
  • Page 29 Section 1 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Introduction Function block name Edition 1 logical nodes Edition 2 logical nodes ZMFPDIS ZMFLLN0 PSFPDIS PSFPDIS PSFPDIS ZMFPDIS ZMFPDIS ZMFPTRC ZMFPTRC ZMMMXU ZMMMXU ZMHPDIS ZMHPDIS ZMHPDIS ZMMAPDIS ZMMAPDIS ZMMAPDIS ZMMPDIS ZMMPDIS ZMMPDIS ZMQAPDIS ZMQAPDIS ZMQAPDIS ZMQPDIS ZMQPDIS...

  • Page 31: Section 2 Safety Information

    Section 2 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Safety information Section 2 Safety information Symbols on the product All warnings must be observed. Read the entire manual before doing installation or any maintenance work on the product. All warnings must be observed. Class 1 Laser product.
  • Page 32 Section 2 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Safety information Always use suitable isolated test pins when measuring signals in open circuitry. Potentially lethal voltages and currents are present. Never connect or disconnect a wire and/or a connector to or from a IED during normal operation.

  • Page 33: Caution Signs

    Section 2 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Safety information Caution signs Whenever changes are made in the IED, measures should be taken to avoid inadvertent tripping. The IED contains components which are sensitive to electrostatic discharge. ESD precautions shall always be observed prior to touching components.

  • Page 35: Section 3 Available Functions

    Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions Section 3 Available functions Main protection functions Table 2: Example of quantities = number of basic instances = option quantities 3-A03 = optional function included in packages A03 (refer to ordering details) IEC 61850 ANSI Function description...
  • Page 36 Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 (Customized) ZMMPDIS, Fullscheme distance ZMMAPDIS protection, quadrilateral for earth faults ZDMRDIR Directional impedance element for mho characteristic ZDARDIR Additional distance protection directional function for earth faults ZSMGAPC Mho impedance supervision logic...

  • Page 37: Back-Up Protection Functions

    Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions Back-up protection functions IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 (Customized) Current protection PHPIOC Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection OC4PTOC Four step phase 51_67 overcurrent protection EFPIOC Instantaneous residual overcurrent protection EF4PTOC Four step residual overcurrent protection NS4PTOC...

  • Page 38: Control And Monitoring Functions

    Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 (Customized) ROV2PTOV Two step residual overvoltage protection OEXPVPH Overexcitation 1-D03 1-D03 1-D03 1-D03 protection VDCPTOV Voltage differential protection LOVPTUV Loss of voltage check PAPGAPC Radial feeder protection Frequency protection...
  • Page 39 Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 APC10 Apparatus control for 1-H27 1-H27 1-H27 single bay, max 10 apparatuses (1CB) incl. interlocking APC15 Apparatus control for 1-H08 1-H08 single bay, max 15 apparatuses (2CBs) incl.
  • Page 40 Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 CCSSPVC Current circuit supervision FUFSPVC Fuse failure supervision VDSPVC Fuse failure 1-G03 1-G03 1-G03 1-G03 1-G03 supervision based on voltage difference Logic SMPPTRC Tripping logic TMAGAPC Trip matrix logic ALMCALH...
  • Page 41 Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 ITBGAPC Integer to Boolean 16 conversion with Logic Node representation TEIGAPC Elapsed time integrator with limit transgression and overflow supervision INTCOMP Comparator for integer inputs REALCOMP Comparator for real inputs...
  • Page 42 Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 SSCBR Circuit breaker 3-M13 3-M13 6-M15 3-M13 6-M15 monitoring LMBRFLO Fault locator I103MEAS Measurands for IEC 60870-5-103 I103MEASUSR Measurands user defined signals for IEC 60870-5-103 I103AR Function status auto- recloser for IEC...
  • Page 43 Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions Basic configurable logic block Total number of instances SRMEMORY TIMERSET Table 4: Total number of instances for configurable logic blocks Q/T Configurable logic blocks Q/T Total number of instances ANDQT INDCOMBSPQT INDEXTSPQT INVALIDQT INVERTERQT ORQT...

  • Page 44: Communication

    Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions Communication IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 (Customized) Station communication LONSPA, SPA SPA communication protocol LON communication protocol HORZCOMM Network variables via PROTOCOL Operation selection between SPA and IEC 60870-5-103 for SLM RS485PROT Operation selection for RS485...
  • Page 45 Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 (Customized) GOOSEMVRCV GOOSE function block to receive a measurand value GOOSESPRCV GOOSE function block to receive a single point value MULTICMDRCV, Multiple command and 60/10 60/10 60/10...
  • Page 46 Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions IEC 61850 ANSI Function description Line Distance REL670 (Customized) Binary signal transfer 6/36 6/36 6/36 6/36 6/36 6/36 receive/transmit Transmission of analog data from LDCM Receive binary status 6/3/3 6/3/3 6/3/3 6/3/3 6/3/3 6/3/3 from remote LDCM...

  • Page 47: Basic Ied Functions

    Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions Basic IED functions Table 6: Basic IED functions IEC 61850 or function Description name INTERRSIG SELFSUPEVLST Self supervision with internal event list TIMESYNCHGEN Time synchronization module BININPUT, Time synchronization SYNCHCAN, SYNCHGPS, SYNCHCMPPS, SYNCHLON, SYNCHPPH, SYNCHPPS, SNTP,...
  • Page 48 Section 3 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Available functions IEC 61850 or function Description name RUNTIME IED Runtime Comp CAMCONFIG Central account management configuration CAMSTATUS Central account management status TOOLINF Tools Information component SAFEFILECOPY Safe file copy function Table 7: Local HMI functions IEC 61850 or function ANSI Description...

  • Page 49: Section 4 Starting Up

    Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up Section 4 Starting up Factory and site acceptance testing Testing the proper IED operation is carried out at different occasions, for example: • Acceptance testing • Commissioning testing • Maintenance testing This manual describes the workflow and the steps to carry out the commissioning testing.

  • Page 50: Checking The Power Supply

    Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up • PC with PCM600 installed along with the connectivity packages corresponding to the IEDs to be tested. • Administration rights on the PC, to set up IP addresses • Product documentation (engineering manual, installation manual, commissioning manual, operation manual, technical manual and communication protocol manual) Checking the power supply...

  • Page 51: Ied Start-Up Sequence

    Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up • Software version, Main menu/Diagnostics/IED status/Product identifiers. • Serial number, Main menu/Diagnostics/IED status/Product identifiers. • Installed modules and their ordering number, Main menu/Diagnostics/IED status/Installed HW. 4.4.2 IED start-up sequence When the IED is energized, the green LED starts flashing instantly. After approximately 55 seconds the window lights up and the window displays ‘IED Startup’.
  • Page 52 Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up • Direct point-to-point link between PCM600 and the IED front port. The front port can be seen as a service port. • Indirect link via a station LAN or from remote via a network. The physical connection and the IP address must be configured in both cases to enable communication.
  • Page 53 Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up Administrator rights are required to change the PC communication setup. It is automatically detected that Tx signals from the IED are received on the Tx pin on the PC. Thus, a straight (standard) Ethernet cable can be used.
  • Page 54 Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up IEC13000058-1-en.vsd IEC13000058 V1 EN Figure 5: Click View network connections Right-click and select Properties. IEC13000059-1-en.vsd IEC13000059 V1 EN Figure 6: Right-click Local Area Connection and select Properties Select the TCP/IPv4 protocol from the list of configured components using this connection and click Properties.
  • Page 55 Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up IEC13000060-1-en.vsd IEC13000060 V1 EN Figure 7: Select the TCP/IPv4 protocol and open Properties Select Use the following IP address and define IP address and Subnet mask if the front port is used and if the IP address is not set to be obtained automatically by the IED, see Figure 8.

  • Page 56: Writing An Application Configuration To The Ied

    Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up IEC13000062-1-en.vsd IEC13000062 V1 EN Figure 8: Select: Use the following IP address Use the ping command to verify connectivity with the IED. Close all open windows and start PCM600. The PC and IED must belong to the same subnetwork for this set-up to work.

  • Page 57: Checking Ct Circuits

    Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up Checking CT circuits Check that the wiring is in strict accordance with the supplied connection diagram. The CTs must be connected in accordance with the circuit diagram provided with the IED, both with regards to phases and polarity. The following tests shall be performed on every primary CT connected to the IED: •...

  • Page 58: Checking Vt Circuits

    Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up Checking VT circuits Check that the wiring is in strict accordance with the supplied connection diagram. Correct possible errors before continuing to test the circuitry. Test the circuitry. • Polarity check when applicable; this test is often omitted for CVTs •...

  • Page 59: Checking The Binary I/O Circuits

    Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up Verify that the contact sockets have been crimped correctly and that they are fully inserted by tugging on the wires. Never do this with current circuits in service. Current circuit Verify that the contacts are of current circuit type. Verify that the short circuit jumpers are located in the correct slots.
  • Page 60 Section 4 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Starting up An IED equipped with optical connections has an minimum space requirement of 180 mm for plastic fiber cables and 275 mm for glass fiber cables. Check the allowed minimum bending radius from the optical cable manufacturer.

  • Page 61: Section 5 Configuring The Ied And Changing Settings

    Section 5 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Configuring the IED and changing settings Section 5 Configuring the IED and changing settings Overview The customer specific values for each setting parameter and a configuration file have to be available before the IED can be set and configured, if the IED is not delivered with a configuration.

  • Page 62: Configuring Analog Ct Inputs

    Section 5 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Configuring the IED and changing settings Configuring analog CT inputs The analog input channels must be configured to get correct measurement results as well as correct protection functionality. Because all protection algorithms in the IED utilize the primary system quantities, it is extremely important to make sure that connected current transformer settings are done properly.
  • Page 63 Section 5 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Configuring the IED and changing settings Each logical I/O module has an error flag that indicates signal or module failure. The error flag is also set when the physical I/O module of the correct type is not detected in the connected slot.

  • Page 65: Section 6 Establishing Connection And Verifying The Spa/Iec Communication

    Section 6 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC communication Section 6 Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC communication Entering settings If the IED is connected to a monitoring or control system via the rear SPA/IEC port, the SPA/IEC port has to be set either for SPA or IEC use.

  • Page 66: Verifying The Communication

    Section 6 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC communication Set the operation of the rear SPA/IEC port to “IEC”. The operation of the rear SPA/IEC port can be found on the local HMI under Main menu/Configuration/Communication/SLM configuration/Rear optical SPA-IEC-DNP port/PROTOCOL:1 When the setting is entered the IED restarts automatically.

  • Page 67: Fibre Optic Loop

    Section 6 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Establishing connection and verifying the SPA/IEC communication Check that the master system time-out for response from the IED, for example after a setting change, is > 40 seconds. Use a protocol analyzer and record the communication between the IED and the IEC master.

  • Page 69: Section 7 Establishing Connection And Verifying The Lon Communication

    Section 7 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication Section 7 Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication Communication via the rear ports 7.1.1 LON communication LON communication is normally used in substation automation systems. Optical fiber is used within the substation as the physical communication link.

  • Page 70: The Lon Protocol

    Section 7 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication The fibre optic LON bus is implemented using either glass core or plastic core fibre optic cables. Table 11: Specification of the fibre optic connectors Glass fibre Plastic fibre Cable connector ST-connector...
  • Page 71 Section 7 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication • The node addresses of the other connected IEDs. • The network variable selectors to be used. This is organized by LNT. The node address is transferred to LNT via the local HMI by setting the parameter ServicePinMsg = Yes.

  • Page 72: Optical Budget Calculation For Serial Communication With Lon

    Section 7 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Establishing connection and verifying the LON communication Path in the local HMI under Main menu/Configuration/Communication/SLM configuration/Rear optical LON port Table 14: ADE Non group settings (basic) Name Values (Range) Unit Step Default Description Operation Operation TimerClass Slow...

  • Page 73: Section 8 Establishing Connection And Verifying The Iec 61850 Communication

    Section 8 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Establishing connection and verifying the IEC 61850 communication Section 8 Establishing connection and verifying the IEC 61850 communication Overview The rear OEM ports are used for: • process bus (IEC 61850-9-2LE) communication • substation bus (IEC 61850-8-1) communication. For IEC 61850-8-1 redundant communication, both rear OEM ports are utilized.

  • Page 74: Verifying The Communication

    Section 8 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Establishing connection and verifying the IEC 61850 communication Navigate to: Main menu/Configuration/Communication/Station communication/IEC61850-8-1/IEC61850–8–1:1 Set Operation to On , PortSelGOOSE and PortSelMMS to the port used (for example LANAB). Enable redundant IEC 61850-8-1 communication for port AB and CD 2.1.

  • Page 75: Section 9 Testing Ied Operation

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation Section 9 Testing IED operation Preparing for test 9.1.1 Requirements IED test requirements: • Calculated settings • Application configuration diagram • Signal matrix (SMT) configuration • Terminal connection diagram • Technical manual •...
  • Page 76 Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation Prepare the IED for test before testing a particular function. Consider the logic diagram of the tested protection function when performing the test. All included functions in the IED are tested according to the corresponding test instructions in this chapter.

  • Page 77: Preparing The Ied To Verify Settings

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation 9.1.2 Preparing the IED to verify settings If a test switch is included, start preparation by making the necessary connections to the test switch. This means connecting the test equipment according to a specific and designated IED terminal diagram.

  • Page 78: Activating The Test Mode

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation Activating the test mode Put the IED into the test mode before testing. The test mode blocks all protection functions and some of the control functions in the IED, and the individual functions to be tested can be unblocked to prevent unwanted operation caused by other functions.

  • Page 79: Connecting The Test Equipment To The Ied

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation released, the handle can be completely withdrawn from the test switch, restoring the trip circuits to the protection IED. If a test switch is not used, perform measurement according to the provided circuit diagrams.

  • Page 80: Releasing The Function To Be Tested

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation IN (I4,I5) UN (U4,U5) TRIP L1 TRIP L2 TRIP L3 IEC 61850 IEC09000652-1-en.vsd IEC09000652 V1 EN Figure 10: Connection example of the test equipment to the IED when test equipment is connected to the transformer input module Releasing the function to be tested Release or unblock the function to be tested.

  • Page 81: Verifying Analog Primary And Secondary Measurement

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation the parameter Test mode is set to On, are reset when a new test mode session is started. Procedure Click the Function test modes menu. The Function test modes menu is located in the local HMI under Main menu/ Test/Function test modes.

  • Page 82: Testing The Protection Functionality

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation If the IEC61850-9-2LE communication is interrupted during current injection, the report tool in PCM600 will display the current that was injected before the interruption. IEC10000032-1-en.vsd IEC10000032 V1 EN Figure 11: PCM600 report tool display after communication interruption Testing the protection functionality Each protection function must be tested individually by secondary injection.

  • Page 83: Forcing Of Binary I/O Signals For Testing

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation Forcing of binary I/O signals for testing 9.8.1 Forcing concept Forcing of binary inputs and outputs is a convenient way to test wiring in substations as well as testing configuration logic in the IEDs. Basically it means that all binary inputs and outputs on the IED I/O modules (BOM, BIM, IOM &...

  • Page 84: Enable Forcing Using Testmode Function Block

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation 9.8.2.2 Enable forcing using TESTMODE function block • Use the TESTMODE function block, appropriately configured in PCM600/ACT. It may be convenient to control the input on mentioned component from, for example, an LHMI function key or similar during commissioning to quickly and easily enter IED test mode.
  • Page 85 Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation On the LHMI, these edit changes have immediate effect. This means that the value changes directly when the up/down arrow is pressed (i.e. there is no need to press the Enter key to effectuate the change). When navigating away from a LHMI forcing menu for an I/O board, the user is prompted to either leave the signals forced, or to revert all of them back to the unforced state.

  • Page 86: Forcing By Using Pcm600

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation IEC15000020 V1 EN Figure 13: Example of LHMI menu using BIM3 The signal “freezes” and will not change value even if, for example, a binary input signal voltage changes level, or if a binary output is activated as the result of a protection function block activating.
  • Page 87 Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation The Signal Monitoring menu changes and indicates the forcing values that can be edited. IEC15000025 V1 EN Select and edit the values. Click Acknowledge and send. IEC15000026 V1 EN This commits the values to the IED and exits the editing session. Click Cancel to abort the changes and revert back to actual IED values.

  • Page 88: How To Undo Forcing Changes And Return The Ied To Normal Operation

    Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation 9.8.4 How to undo forcing changes and return the IED to normal operation Regardless of which input/output signals have been forced, all forced signals will return to their normal states immediately when the IED is taken out of test mode. When the forcing is removed by exiting from IED test mode, both input and output signals may change values.
  • Page 89 Section 9 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing IED operation IEC15000031 V1 EN Click Yes in the confirmation dialogue box. PCM600 will revert all forced signals back to unforced and the real signal values will immediately take effect again. This may change both binary input values and output relay states and will undo any forcing done by using the LHMI.

  • Page 91: Section 10 Testing Functionality By Secondary Injection

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Section 10 Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.1 Testing disturbance report 10.1.1 Introduction The following sub-functions are included in the disturbance report function: • Disturbance recorder • Event list •...

  • Page 92: Event Recorder (Er) And Event List (El)

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection A new recording begins. The view is updated if you leave the menu and return. 1.2. Navigate to General information or to Trip values to obtain more detailed information. Open the Disturbance handling tool for the IED in the plant structure in PCM600.

  • Page 93: Identifying The Function To Test In The Technical Reference Manual

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection internal event list or Main menu/Clear/Clear process event list. It is not possible to clear the event lists from PCM600. When testing binary inputs, the event list (EL) might be used instead. No uploading or analyzing of registrations is then needed since the event list keeps running, independent of start of disturbance registration.

  • Page 94: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection If used, measure the alarm level operating value. Increase the voltage and make note of the operate value U>Alarm. This is done with manual test and without trip of the test set. Measure the operating time on the alarm output by connecting the stop of the test set to an output from tAlarm.
  • Page 95 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Connect the test set for three phase current injection and three phase voltage to the appropriate IED terminals. Inject symmetrical phase voltages equal to the rated voltage. Decrease the injected voltage in phase L1 and note the operated value (start value) of the function.

  • Page 96: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Connect a trip output contact to a timer. Decrease the injected current stepwise to 50 % of the operate level and check the time delay. Repeat steps 3 – 6 for phases L2 and L3. 10.3.2.2 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the test mode setting to...
  • Page 97 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection The solid lines designate the diagram applicable when the load current compensation is active. The solid line and all test points except 13 are valid for this case. When the load current compensation is inactive, the dotted lines and test point 13 are valid.
  • Page 98 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Test point Reach Set value Comments RLdFw –0.2143 x RFPP/2 Exact: 0.8 x RFPP/2 (ArgDir=20°) 0.8 x RFPP/2 –0.4 x RLdFw x tan(ArgDir=20°) 0.4 x RLdFw 0.5 x X1 Exact –0.5 x R1 tan(ArgNegRes=30°) –0.23 x X1...

  • Page 99: Measuring The Operating Limit Of Set Values

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Table 18: Test points for phase-to-earth L3-E (Ohm/Loop) Test point Reach Value Comments (2 x X1 (2 x X1 + X0 2 x R1 + R0 0.8 x (2 x X1 + X0 0.8 x (2 x R1 + R0...

  • Page 100: Measuring The Operating Time Of Distance Protection Zones

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Observe that the zones that are not tested have to be blocked and the zone that is tested has to be released. Repeat steps to find the operating value for the phase-to-earth fault L3–E according to figure and table 18.
  • Page 101 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Measure operating characteristics during constant current conditions. Keep the measured current as close as possible to the rated value of its associated input transformer, or lower. But ensure that it is higher than the set minimum operating current.
  • Page 102 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Test point Reach Value Comments RFFwPE·tan (ArgLd) Only when RLdFw < RFFwPE RFFwPE -0.5·RLdFw·tan (ArgDir) 0.5·RLdFw Table is used together with figure 16. phase ArgLd ArgNegRes 60° phase ArgDir 50% RLdFw 0.5·RFFwPP IEC09000735-3-en.vsd...

  • Page 103: Measuring The Operating Limit Of Set Values

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Test point Reach Value Comments 0.5·RFFwPP·tan (ArgLd) Only when RLdFW < RFFwPP 0.5·RFFwPP -0.5·RLdFw·tan (ArgDir) 0.5·RLdFw Table is used together with figure 17. 10.4.2.1 Measuring the operating limit of set values Procedure: Supply the IED with healthy conditions for at least two seconds.

  • Page 104: Phase-To-Phase Faults

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection The programming of the autorecloser function SMBRREC determines if three-phase or single-phase trip is initiated as result of the test. Keep the current constant when measuring operating characteristics. Keep the current as close as possible to its rated value or lower.

  • Page 105: Phase-To-Earth Faults

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Change the magnitude and angle of phase-to-phase voltage to achieve impedances at test points 1, 2 and 3. For each test point, observe that the output signals, START, STLx and STPP are activated where x refers to the actual phase to be tested. After the timer tPP for the actual zone has elapsed, also the signals TRIP, TRPP and TRx shall be activated.

  • Page 106: Faulty Phase Identification With Load Encroachment Fmpspdis

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.4.4 Faulty phase identification with load encroachment FMPSPDIS There is no specific test routine for this function. The function is tested in conjunction with other impedance (mho) functions. 10.4.5 Distance protection zones, quadrilateral characteristic, separate settings ZMRPDIS Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section...
  • Page 107 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection When the load current compensation is inactive, the dotted lines and test point 13 are valid. Test points 5, 6, and 7 are not valid for this measurement. 120° R (Ohm/phase) 20°...
  • Page 108 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Table is used in conjunction with figure 21. Table 23: Test points for phase-to-phase loops L1-L2 (Ohm/Loop) Test point Reach Set value Comments 0.8 x X1 0.8 x R1 + RFPP/2 0.5 x X1 0.5 x R1...

  • Page 109: Measuring The Operating Limit Of Set Values

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Test point Reach Value Comments 0.5 x (2 x X1 + R0 0.5 x (2 x R1 )/3 + RFPE 0.85 x RFPE x tan(ArgLdset) ArgLd = angle for the maximal load transfer.

  • Page 110: Measuring The Operating Time Of Distance Protection Zones

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection points 8, 9, 10 and 11 once, in the forward direction in order to test the accuracy of directionality (directional angles). Directional functionality testing (trip inside, no-trip outside) should always be made for all impedance zones set with directionality (forward or reverse).
  • Page 111 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection loop ArgLd 60° ArgNegRes loop ArgDir 50% of RLdFw RFFwPE IEC09000734-3-en.vsd IEC09000734 V3 EN Figure 22: Operating characteristic for phase selection function, forward direction single-phase faults phase ArgLd ArgNegRes 60°...

  • Page 112: Measuring The Operating Limit Of Set Values

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Table 25: Test points for phase-to-earth loop L3-E (Ohm/loop) Test point Value Comments [X1+XN] XN=(X RLdFw 0.85·[X1+XN] R≈0.491·(X1+XN)+RFFwPE 0.85·[X1+XN]·1/tan(60°)+RFFwPE 0.85·[X1+XN] -0.85·[X1+XN]· tan (AngNegRes-90°) RFFwPE·tan (ArgLd) RFFwPE -0.5·RLdFw·tan (ArgDir) 0.5·RLdFw The table showing test points for phase-to-earth loops is used together with figure 22.

  • Page 113: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Supply the IED with healthy conditions for at least two seconds. Apply the fault condition and slowly decrease the measured impedance to find the operate value for of the phase-to-earth loop L3, test point 1, according to figure 22.
  • Page 114 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection To verify the settings for the operating points according to the following fault types should be tested: • One phase-to-phase fault • One phase-to-earth fault The shape of the operating characteristic depends on the values of the setting parameters.
  • Page 115 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Test point Reach Set value Comments 0.8 x X1 0.8 x R1 + RFPP/2 0.5 x X1 0.5 x R1 + RFPP/2 ArgLd = angle for the maximal load 0.85 x RFPP x tan (ArgLd) transfer 0.85 x RFPP...
  • Page 116 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection X1+XN 120° R (Ohm/loop) 20° 40% of RLdFw 80% of RLdFw alt. 80% of RFPE RFPE (Load encroachment) IEC05000369-3-en.vsd IEC05000369 V3 EN Figure 25: Distance protection characteristic with test points for phase-to-earth measurements Table is used in conjunction with figure 25.

  • Page 117: Measuring The Operating Limit Of Set Values

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Test point Reach Value Comments –0.8 x RLdFw x tan(ArgDir=20°) –0.8 x RLdFwd x tan(ArgDir=20°) 0.8 x RLdFw 0.17 x (2 x X1 + X0 Exact: 0.5 x (2 x X1 -0.36 x (2 x X1 + X0 Exact: 0.5 x (2X1...

  • Page 118: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Subject the IED to healthy normal load conditions for at least two seconds. Apply the fault condition to find the operating time for the phase-to-phase fault according to test point 12 in figure and table for zone 1.
  • Page 119 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection The figures illustrating the characteristic for the distance protection function can be used for settings with and without load encroachment. The solid lines designate the diagram applicable when the load current compensation is active.
  • Page 120 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Test point Reach Set value Comments RLdFw x tan (ArgLd) RLdFw RLdFw x tan (ArgLd) –0.2143 x RFPP/2 Exact: 0.8 x RFPP/2 (ArgDir=20°) 0.8 x RFPP/2 –0.4 x RLdFw x tan(ArgDir=20°) 0.4 x RLdFw 0.5 x X1 Exact –0.5 x R1...

  • Page 121: Measuring The Operating Limit Of Set Values

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Table 30: Test points for phase-to-earth L3-E (Ohm/Loop) Test point Reach Value Comments (2 x X1 (2 x X1 + X0 2 x R1 + R0 0.8 x (2 x X1 + X0 0.8 x (2 x R1 + R0...

  • Page 122: Measuring The Operating Time Of Distance Protection Zones

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Observe that the zones that are not tested have to be blocked and the zone that is tested has to be released. Repeat steps to find the operating value for the phase-to-earth fault L3-E according to figure and table 30.
  • Page 123 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection RLdOutFw and RLdOutRv and the inner reactive boarder in forward and reverse direction X1InFw and X1InRv. See figure 28. The corresponding resistive border for the inner resistive boundary and outer resistive boundary is calculated automatically from the setting of kLdRFw and kLdRRv.

  • Page 124: Verifying The Settings

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.4.9.1 Verifying the settings Preconditions The following output signal shall be configured to binary output available: ZOUT, measured impedance within outer impedance boundary. Keep the measured current as close as possible to its rated value or lower. Keep it constant during the test, but ensure that it is higher than the set minimum operating current.

  • Page 125: Testing The Block Input, Interaction Between Fdpspdis Or Frpspdis And Zmrpsb

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Program the test equipment for a single-phase to earth fault and energize FDPSPDIS or FRPSDIS and check that the input BLOCK on the power swing detection function ZMRPSB is activated. Make a test sequence so that a single-phase to earth fault occurs after that the trajectory of the impedance has passed the outer and inner boundary of ZMRPSB during power swing.

  • Page 126: Testing The Carrier Send And Trip Signals

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Make sure that the existing configuration permits monitoring of the CS, TRIP signals on the binary outputs of the IED. If not, configure connections to unused binary outputs, for test purposes. 10.4.10.1 Testing the carrier send and trip signals Procedure...

  • Page 127: Checking The Underreaching Zone

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Make sure that CS and TRIP output signals appear after the time delays tCS. Switch the operation of the zone 1 distance protection function on and fulfill all the conditions for single-pole autoreclosing. Simulate a single phase-to-earth fault within the reach of zone 1 and both power- swing zones.

  • Page 128: Verifying The Settings

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.4.11.1 Verifying the settings It is assumed that setting of the pole slip protection function PSPPPAM is done according to impedances as seen in figure and figure 30. The test is done by means of injection of three-phase current and three-phase voltage from a modern test device.
  • Page 129 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Zone 1 Zone 2 X’ Pole slip impedance movement Zone 2 TripAngle Zone 1 WarnAngle IEC07000099_2_en.vsd IEC07000099 V2 EN Figure 29: Setting of the pole slip protection PSPPPAM Line distance protection REL670 2.1 IEC Commissioning manual...

  • Page 130: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Imin > 0.10 IBase Umax < 0.92 UBase START 0.2 £ f(Ucos) £ 8Hz d ³ StartAngle ZONE1 Z cross line ZA - ZC ZONE2 Z cross line ZC - ZB Counter b a ³...

  • Page 131: Verifying The Settings

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Two current channels I3P1 and I3P2 are available in OOSPPAM function to allow the direct connection of two groups of three-phase currents; that may be needed for very powerful generators, with stator windings split into two groups per phase, when each group is equipped with current transformers.
  • Page 132 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection If the rated secondary current I of the analog channel is 1 A, then the maximum current test I ≤ = × ovrl (Equation 1) EQUATION14041 V1 EN If the CT of the generator has ratio 9000/1 A, then in primary values 9000 36000 ≤...
  • Page 133 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection ForwardR 8 19 × ZBase × 0 9522 0 078 Ω FwdR (Equation 8) EQUATION14048 V1 EN ForwardX 59 33 × ZBase × 0 9522 0 565 Ω FwdX (Equation 9) EQUATION14049 V1 EN 0 29...
  • Page 134 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Test sets usually do not have a feature to simulate a real network during a power swing and apply the related analog quantities at the terminal of the generator. The scope of the present test is not a simulation of a real network.

  • Page 135: Test Of Point Re

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection For the test as motor the frequency current may have 50.5 Hz in the quadrant 1 and 2 of the R-X plane and 49.5 Hz in the quadrant 3 and Verifying the settings by secondary injection It is advised to connect the analog output channels of the function block OOSPPAM to the internal disturbance recorder (and in particular to the function block A4RADR)
  • Page 136 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10459 1 162 × × 9000 (Equation 19) EQUATION14059 V1 EN ∠I =0° frequency of I = 50 Hz 10459 1 162 × × 9000 (Equation 20) EQUATION14062 V1 EN ∠I =0°...
  • Page 137 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Define the following three-phase symmetrical quantities (the phase angle is related to phase L1): VT s 1 1 11931 95 1 × × × × t FwdZ 13 8 VT p (Equation 23) EQUATION14057 V1 EN...
  • Page 138 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10459 1 162 × × 9000 (Equation 29) EQUATION14059 V1 EN ∠I = 0º frequency of I = 50 Hz 10459 1 162 × × 9000 (Equation 30) EQUATION14062 V1 EN ∠I = 0º...

  • Page 139: Test Of The Boundary Between Zone 1 And Zone 2, Which Is Defined By The Parameter Reachz1

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Define the following three-phase symmetrical quantities (the phase angle is related to phase L1): VT s 0 9 11931 77 81 × × × × t FwdZ 13 8 VT p (Equation 33) EQUATION14063 V1 EN...
  • Page 140 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection frequency of V = 50 Hz 10459 1 162 × × 9000 (Equation 39) EQUATION14059 V1 EN ∠I = 0º frequency of I = 50 Hz 10459 1 162 ×...
  • Page 141 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection = 0 A • State 2: main test step. Define the following three-phase symmetrical quantities (the phase angle is related to phase L1): VT s 1 1 1435 11 44 ×...
  • Page 142 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection frequency of V = 50 Hz 10459 1 162 × × 9000 (Equation 49) EQUATION14059 V1 EN ∠I = 0º frequency of I = 50 Hz 10459 1 162 ×...

  • Page 143: Test Of The Point Se (R Rvsr , X Rvsx )

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection = 0 A • State 2: main test step. Define the following three-phase symmetrical quantities (the phase angle is related to phase L1): VT s 0 9 1435 9 36 ×...
  • Page 144 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection æ ö æ ö ReverseX 29.60 Ð ç ÷ ° = ç ÷ ° = - ° arctan arctan 90.56 è ø è ø ReverseR 0.29 (Equation 58) EQUATION14068 V1 EN frequency of V = 50 Hz 10459...
  • Page 145 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection frequency of V = 50 Hz = 0 A = 0 A • State 2: main test step. Define the following three-phase symmetrical quantities (the phase angle is related to phase L1): VT s 0 9 5899 38 47...
  • Page 146 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection æ ö æ ö ReverseX 29.60 Ð ç ÷ ° = ç ÷ ° = - ° arctan arctan 90.56 è ø è ø ReverseR 0.29 (Equation 68) EQUATION14068 V1 EN frequency of V = 50 Hz 10459...
  • Page 147 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection frequency of V = 50 Hz = 0 A = 0 A • State 2: main test step. Define the following three-phase symmetrical quantities (the phase angle is related to phase L1): VT s 1 1 5899 47 02...

  • Page 148: Automatic Switch Onto Fault Logic Zcvpsof

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection COMMON TRIP COMMAND (trip) TRIPZ1 (tripZone1) TRIPZ2 (tripZone2) START (start) GENMODE (generatorMode) MOTMODE (motorMode) time in seconds → IEC10000142-1-en.vsd IEC10000142 V1 EN Figure 32: Boolean output signals for the injected current with two components: a 50 Hz current component and a 49.5 Hz current component 10.4.13 Automatic switch onto fault logic ZCVPSOF...

  • Page 149: Initiating Zcvpsof Automatically And Setting Mode To Impedance

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection During normal operating conditions, the BC input is de-energized. Set AutoInitMode to DLD disabled and Mode to Impedance. Apply a three-phase fault condition corresponding to a fault at approximately 45% of the line or with impedance at 50% of the used zone setting and current greater than 30% of IBase.

  • Page 150: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection The Phase preference logic function PPLPHIZ is tested with a three-phase testing equipment for distance protections. PPLPHIZ is tested in co-operation with the Distance protection zone, quadrilateral characteristic function ZMQPDIS. The distance protection and the phase preference logic shall be set to values according to the real set values to be used.

  • Page 151: Current Protection

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.5 Current protection 10.5.1 Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection 3-phase output PHPIOC Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Preparing the IED to verify settings". To verify the settings the following fault type should be tested: •...

  • Page 152: Verifying The Settings

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.5.2.1 Verifying the settings Verification of the non-directional phase overcurrent function is done as instructed below, without applying any polarizing voltage. Connect the test set for current injection to the appropriate IED phases. If there is any configuration logic that is used to enable or block any of the four available overcurrent steps, make sure that the step under test is enabled (for example, end fault protection).

  • Page 153: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection For inverse time curves, check the operate time at a current equal to 110% of the operate current for txMin. Check that all operate and start contacts operate according to the configuration (signal matrixes).

  • Page 154: Four Step Residual Overcurrent Protection, (Zero Sequence Or Negative Sequence Directionality) Ef4Ptoc

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.5.4 Four step residual overcurrent protection, (Zero sequence or negative sequence directionality) EF4PTOC Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Preparing the IED to verify settings". 10.5.4.1 Four step directional earth fault protection Connect the test set for single current injection to the appropriate IED terminals.

  • Page 155: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.5.4.3 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were changed for testing purposes.

  • Page 156: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 11. Check that the protection does not operate when the polarizing voltage is zero. 12. Repeat the above-described tests for the higher set steps. 13. Finally, check that start and trip information is stored in the event menu. 10.5.5.1 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting to...
  • Page 157 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Operation mode 3I · cosφ Procedure Set the polarizing voltage to 1.2 · UNRel> and set the phase angle between voltage and current to the set characteristic angle (RCADir). Note that the the current lagging the voltage.
  • Page 158 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection RCADir Operate area 3 × ROADir IEC06000650_2_en.vsd IEC06000650 V2 EN Figure 34: Characteristic with ROADir restriction Line distance protection REL670 2.1 IEC Commissioning manual...
  • Page 159 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection RCADir = 0º Operate area Instrument transformer  angle error RCAcomp Characteristic after angle compensation (to prot) (prim) IEC06000651-3-en.vsd IEC06000651 V3 EN Figure 35: Explanation of RCAcomp Operation mode 3I ·...
  • Page 160 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Measure the operate time of the timer by injecting 1.2 · UNRel> and a current to get two times the set SN> operate value. × × × Tinv kSN Sref test test (Equation 78)
  • Page 161 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection RCADir = 0º ROADir = 80º Operate area IEC06000652-3-en.vsd IEC06000652 V3 EN Figure 36: Example characteristic Non-directional earth fault current protection Procedure Measure that the operate current is equal to the INNonDir> setting. The function activates the START and STDIRIN output.

  • Page 162: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.5.6.2 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were changed for testing purposes.

  • Page 163: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10. Compare the measured trip time with the setting according to the formula. 11. Reset the thermal memory. 12. Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the test mode setting to Off.

  • Page 164: Checking The Residual (Earth Fault) Current Operate Value In> Set Below Ip

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection IN> set below 10.5.8.2 Checking the residual (earth fault) current operate value IP> Check the low set IN> current where setting FunctionMode = Current and setting BuTripMode = 1 out of 4 Apply the fault condition, including START of CCRBRF, with a current just below set IN>.

  • Page 165: Verifying The Back-Up Trip Mode

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Set RetripMode = CB Pos Check. Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, well above the set current value. Verify that re-trip is achieved after set time t1 and back-up trip after time t2 Apply the fault condition, including the start of CCRBRF, with the current below the set current value.

  • Page 166: Verifying Instantaneous Back-Up Trip At Cb Faulty Condition

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection BuTripMode = 2 out of 4 Checking the case The earth-fault current setting IN> may be equal to or below phase-current setting IP>. Set BuTripMode = 2 out of 4. Apply the fault condition, including start of CCRBRF, with one-phase current above set IP>...

  • Page 167: Verifying The Function Mode Current&Contact

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Current&Contact 10.5.8.8 Verifying the function mode To be made only when FunctionMode = Current&Contact is selected. It is suggested to make the tests in one phase only, or at three-phase trip applications for just three- phase tripping.

  • Page 168: Measuring The Operate Limit Of Set Values

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Logical signals for STBPTOC protection are available on the local HMI underMain menu/Settings/Setting group N/Current protection/Stub(PTOC,50STB)/ STBPTOC:x 10.5.9.1 Measuring the operate limit of set values Check that the input logical signals BLOCK and RELEASE and the output logical signal TRIP are all logical zero.

  • Page 169: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection External detection logic, Contact function selection = ContSel setting equals CCPDSC signal from CB. Activate the EXTPDIND binary input, and measure the operating time of CCPDSC. Use the TRIP signal from the configured binary output to stop the timer. Compare the measured time with the set value tTrip.

  • Page 170: Verifying The Settings

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.5.11.1 Verifying the settings The underpower protection shall be set to values according to the real set values to be used. The test is made by means of injection of voltage and current where the amplitude of both current and voltage and the phase angle between the voltage and current can be controlled.

  • Page 171: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Set value: Mode Formula used for complex power calculation = × × (Equation 86) EQUATION1703 V1 EN = × × (Equation 87) EQUATION1704 V1 EN = × × (Equation 88) EQUATION1705 V1 EN Adjust the injected current and voltage to the set values in % of IBase and UBase (converted to secondary current and voltage).

  • Page 172: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Connect the test set for injection of voltage and current corresponding to the mode to be used in the application. If a three phase test set is available this could be used for all the modes.

  • Page 173: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Compare the measured time with the set value tOper. Activate the BLOCK binary input. Switch on the fault current (110% of the setting) and wait longer than the set value tOper.
  • Page 174 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection StartCurr VDepFact IBase × × × CTprim (Equation 89) IECEQUATION2432 V1 EN Second part of the characteristic (25% of UBase ≤ Restrain voltage ≤ UHighLimit/100*UBase), valid when setting parameter VDepMode = Slope: ...
  • Page 175 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection • UL1: Ampl = 105/ √3; Angle = 0° • UL2: Ampl = 105/ √3; Angle = 240° • UL3: Ampl = 105 / √3; Angle = 120° Inject the voltages that are related to the first part of the characteristic, and then slowly increase the phase current IL1 from 0.0 A up to the value the function operates.

  • Page 176: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 11. The previous step 8 or 9 may be repeated also for the first and second section of the characteristic. 12. Supply the IED with symmetric three-phase voltages at their rated values. Go to Main menu/Settings/IED Settings/Current protection/ VoltageRestOverCurr(51V,2(I>/U<))/VRPVOC(51V,2(I>/U<)):1/ Undervoltage and set the setting Operation_UV = On to activate the...

  • Page 177: Voltage Protection

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.6 Voltage protection 10.6.1 Two step undervoltage protection UV2PTUV Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Preparing the IED to verify settings". 10.6.1.1 Verifying the settings Verification of START value and time delay to operate for Step 1 Check that the IED settings are appropriate, especially the START value, the definite time delay and the 1 out of 3 operation mode.

  • Page 178: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection   −   <   (Equation 96) IECEQUATION2428 V1 EN where: t(s) Operate time in seconds Settable time multiplier of the function for step 1 Measured voltage U1<...

  • Page 179: Extended Testing

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection For phase-to-earth measurement: UBase VT > × × VTprim (Equation 97) IECEQUATION2426 V1 EN For phase-to-phase measurement: > UBase × × VTprim (Equation 98) IECEQUATION2427 V1 EN Decrease the voltage slowly and note the reset value. Set and apply about 20% higher voltage than the measured operate value for one phase.

  • Page 180: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Measure the time delay for the TR1 signal and compare it with the set value. Check the inverse time delay by injecting a voltage corresponding to 1.2 × U1>. For example, if the inverse time curve A is selected, the trip signals TR1 and TRIP operate after a time corresponding to the equation:...

  • Page 181: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Set the alarm time delay to the correct value according to the setting plan and check the time delay, injecting a voltage corresponding to 1.2 · V/Hz>. Connect a trip output contact to the timer and temporarily set the time delay tMin to 0.5s.
  • Page 182 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection IEC07000106-1-en.vsd IEC07000106 V2 EN Figure 37: Connection of the test set to the IED for test of U1 block level where: is three-phase voltage group1 (U1) is three-phase voltage group2 (U2) Decrease slowly the voltage in phase UL1 of the test set until the START signal resets.

  • Page 183: Check Of Voltage Differential Trip And Alarm Levels

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection IEC07000107-1-en.vsd IEC07000107 V2 EN Figure 38: Connection of the test set to the IED for test of U2 block level where: is three-phase voltage group1 (U1) is three-phase voltage group2 (U2) Apply voltage higher than the highest set value of UDTrip, U1Low and U2Low to the U1 three-phase inputs and to one phase of the U2 inputs according to figure 38.

  • Page 184: Check Of Trip And Trip Reset Timers

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection IEC07000108-1-en.vsd IEC07000108 V2 EN Figure 39: Connection of the test set to the IED for test of alarm levels, trip levels and trip timer where: is three-phase voltage group1 (U1) is three-phase voltage group2 (U2) Apply 1.2 ·...

  • Page 185: Final Adjustment Of Compensation For Vt Ratio Differences

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Connect voltages to the IED according to valid connection diagram and figure Set Ur (rated voltage) to the U1 inputs and increase U2 voltage until differential voltage is 1.5 · operating level (UDTrip). Switch on the test set.

  • Page 186: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Check that the input logical signals BLOCK, CBOPEN and VTSU are logical zero. Supply a three-phase rated voltage in all three phases and note on the local HMI that the TRIP logical signal is equal to the logical 0. Switch off the voltage in all three phases.
  • Page 187 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Test for fast fault clearing • Connect the test set for the injection of three phase voltages and currents to the appropriate terminals of the IED. • Enable the fast fault clearance by setting FastOperation to TRUE, and also connect the inputs BLKDLFLT to TRUE and FUSEFAIL to FALSE.

  • Page 188: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection • Create a L2L3 fault such that their phase voltage magnitudes are lower than UPhSel< times corresponding quadrature phase to phase voltage and set Tau to default value. • Check that TRIP, TRL1, TRL2 and TRL3 are generated after the set delay time of t3Ph and ARST, ARST3PH, ARSTL1, ARSTL2 and ARSTL3 are also activated.

  • Page 189: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Extended testing The test above can be repeated to check the time to reset. The tests above can be repeated to test the frequency dependent inverse time characteristic. Verification of the low voltage magnitude blocking Check that the IED settings are appropriate, for example the StartFrequency, UMin , and the tDelay.

  • Page 190: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Check that the START signal resets. Instantaneously increase the frequency of the applied voltage to a value about 1% lower than the operate value (a step change more than 2% will increase the time delay).

  • Page 191: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Check that the settings in the IED are appropriate, especially the START value and the definite time delay. Set StartFreqGrad, to a rather small negative value. Supply the IED with three-phase voltages at their rated values. Slowly decrease the frequency of the applied voltage, with an increasing rate-of- change that finally exceeds the setting of StartFreqGrad, and check that the START signal appears.

  • Page 192: Built-In Overcurrent Feature (Non-Directional)

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Due to the versatile possibilities of CVGAPC itself, but also the possibilities of logic combinations in the application configuration of outputs from more than one CVGAPC function block, it is hardly possible to define a fully covering general commissioning test.

  • Page 193: Overcurrent Feature With Voltage Restraint

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.8.1.3 Overcurrent feature with voltage restraint Procedure Connect the test set for injection of three-phase currents and three-phase voltages to the appropriate current and voltage terminals of the IED. Inject current(s) and voltage(s) in a way that relevant measured (according to setting parameter CurrentInput and VoltageInput) currents and voltages are created from the test set.

  • Page 194: Over/Undervoltage Feature

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Overall check in principal as above (non-directional overcurrent feature) Reverse the direction of the injection current and check that the protection does not operate. Check with low polarization voltage that the feature becomes non-directional, blocked or with memory according to the setting.

  • Page 195: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Check the input circuits and the operate value of the IMinOp current level detector by injecting current, one phase at a time. Check the phase current blocking function for all three phases by injecting current, one phase at a time.

  • Page 196: Measuring The Operate Value For The Negative Sequence Function

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection BLKU and BLKZ signals should appear simultaneously wether the BLKU and BLKZ reset depends on the setting SealIn “on” or “off”. If “on” no reset, if “off” reset. After more than 5 seconds disconnect the remaining two-phase voltages and all three currents.

  • Page 197: Measuring The Operate Value For The Zero-Sequence Function

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection × × + × (Equation 103) IECEQUATION00021 V1 EN Where: are the measured phase currents I and I IECEQUATION00020 V1 EN p × = × 0, 5 IECEQUATION00022 V2 EN Compare the result with the set value of the negative-sequence operating current.

  • Page 198: Measuring The Operate Value For The Dead Line Detection Function

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Where: are the measured phase currents I and I IECEQUATION00020 V1 EN Compare the result with the set value of the zero-sequence operate current. Consider that the set value 3I0< is in percentage of the base current IBase. 10.9.2.4 Measuring the operate value for the dead line detection function Apply three-phase voltages with their rated value and zero currents.

  • Page 199: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Keep the current constant. Disconnect the voltage in all three phases simultaneously. The BLKU, BLKZ and 3PH signals should not appear. Change the magnitude of the voltage and current for phase 1 to a value higher than the set value DU>...

  • Page 200: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Decrease one of the three-phase voltages on main fuse group. The voltage change must be greater than the set value for Ud>MainBlock. MAINFUF signal is activated. After more than 5 seconds increase the measured voltage back to the value slightly below USealIn level.
  • Page 201 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection The description below applies for a system with a nominal frequency of 50 Hz but can be directly applicable to 60 Hz. SESRSYN can be set to use different phases, phase to earth or phase to phase. Use the set voltages instead of what is indicated below.

  • Page 202: Testing The Synchronizing Function

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection U-Bus1 Test UMeasure U3PBB1 equipment Ph/N Ph/Ph U-Bus2 U3PBB2 Input Phase L1,L2,L3 U-Line2 U3PLN2 L12,L23,L31 UMeasure Ph/N U-Line1 Ph/Ph U3PLN1 Input Phase L1,L2,L3 L12,L23,L31 IEC05000481-5-en.vsd IEC05000481 V5 EN Figure 41: General test connection for a 1½...

  • Page 203: Testing The Synchrocheck Check

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 1.1. U-Line = 100% UBaseLine and f-Line = 50.0 Hz 1.2. U-Bus = 100% UBaseBus and f-Bus = 50.15Hz Check that a closing pulse is submitted at a closing angle equal to calculated phase angle value from the formula below.
  • Page 204 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Testing the phase angle difference The phase angle differences PhaseDiffM and PhaseDiffA respectively are set to their final settings and the test should verify that operation is achieved when the phase angle difference is lower than this value both leading and lagging.

  • Page 205: Testing The Energizing Check

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Apply voltages U-Line equal to 100% GblBaseSelLine and U-Bus equal to 100% GblBaseSelBus, with a frequency difference equal to 0 mHz and a phase difference lower than the set value. Check that the AUTOSYOK and MANSYOK outputs are activated.
  • Page 206 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Apply a single-phase voltage 100% GblBaseSelBus to the U-Bus, and a single- phase voltage 30% GblBaseSelLine to the U-Line. Check that the AUTOENOK and MANENOK outputs are activated after set tAutoEnerg respectively tManEnerg.

  • Page 207: Testing The Voltage Selection

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Check that the MANENOK output is activated after set tManEnerg. Increase the U-Bus to 80% GblBaseSelBus and keep the U-Line equal to 30% GblBaseSelLine. The outputs should not be activated. Repeat the test with ManEnerg set to DLLB with different values on the U-Bus and the U-Line voltage.
  • Page 208 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection be considered as WA2 and LINE2 as LINE1. The voltage is selected by activation of different inputs in the voltage selection logic as shown in table and figure 43. Table 33: Voltage selection logic SESRSYN...

  • Page 209: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection WA1_QA1 WA2_QA1 (SESRSYN 1) (SESRSYN 3) TIE_QA1 (SESRSYN 2) LINE1_QB9 LINE2_QB9 LINE1 LINE2 IEC11000274-3-en.vsd IEC11000274 V3 EN Figure 43: Objects used in the voltage selection logic 10.10.1.5 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting to Off.
  • Page 210 (CB) is simulated by an external bi-stable relay (BR), for example a relay type RXMVB2 or RXMD or Breaker Simulator of ABB. The following manual switches are used: • Switch or push-button to close (SC) •...

  • Page 211: Preparation Of The Verification

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection • A bi-stable relay (BR) or two auxiliary relays to simulate a CB • Two push-buttons (SC, ST) to operate the BR and a change-over switch (SRY) to simulate CBREADY •...

  • Page 212: Switching The Autorecloser For 1/2/3-Phase Operation Function To On And Off

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Possibly reset the counters to Zero. Counters are reset in the reset menu. Make arrangements for the simulation of the CB, for example as in figure 44. Make arrangements for indication, recording and time measurements. The signals for CBPOS, START, CLOSECB, READY and other relevant signals should preferably be arranged for event recording with time tagging.

  • Page 213: Checking The Reclosing Conditions

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Should the operation not be as expected, this should be investigated. It could be caused by an inappropriate setting or missing condition such as CBREADY. Repeat the sequence by simulating a permanent fault. Shortly after the reclosing shot, a new fault is applied.
  • Page 214 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Keep the CB simulator BR closed. Remove the CBREADY signal by opening SRY. Apply a fault and thereby a START signal. Check that no reclosing takes place. Checking the influence of synchronizing check (at three-phase reclosing) Check that the autorecloser function SMBRREC is operative, for example, by making a three-phase reclosing shot with the SESRSYN synchronizing check...

  • Page 215: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Restoring equipment After the tests, restore the equipment to normal or desired state. Check the following items in particular: Check the operation counters. Reset the counters to zero, if that is the user's preference. The counter reset function is found on the local HMI under Main menu/Reset/Reset counters/ AutoRecloser79,5(0–>1)/SMBRREC:x Restore settings that may have been modified for the tests back to normal.

  • Page 216: Interlocking

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.10.5 Interlocking Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Preparing the IED to verify settings". Values of the logical signals are available on the local HMI under Main menu/Tests/ Function status/Control/Apparatus control/Interlocking.

  • Page 217: Testing Permissive Overreaching

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Check that other zones operate according to their zone timers and that the send (CS) signal is obtained only for the zone configured to generate the actual signal. Deactivate the receive (CR) signal in the IED. Check that the trip time complies with the zone timers and that correct trip outputs, external signals, and indications are obtained for the actual type of fault generated.

  • Page 218: Testing Delta Blocking Scheme

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.11.1.4 Testing delta blocking scheme Deactivate the receive (CR) signal of the IED. Apply healthy normal load conditions to the IED for at least two seconds. Apply a fault condition within the forward directed zone used for scheme communication tripping.

  • Page 219: Phase Segregated Scheme Communication Logic For Distance Or Overcurrent Protection Zc1Ppsch

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.11.2 Phase segregated scheme communication logic for distance or overcurrent protection ZC1PPSCH Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Preparing the IED to verify settings". Check the scheme logic during the secondary injection test of the impedance protection functions.

  • Page 220: Testing Blocking Scheme

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Apply healthy normal load conditions to the IED for at least two seconds. Apply a fault condition within the permissive zone. Check that trip time complies with the zone timers and that correct trip outputs, external signals, and indications are obtained for the actual type of fault generated.

  • Page 221: Current Reversal Logic

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.11.3.1 Current reversal logic It is possible to check the delay of the CS send signal with tDelayRev by changing from a reverse to a forward fault. By continuously activating the CR input and changing from a reverse to a forward fault, the delay tDelayRev can be checked.

  • Page 222: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Table 34: Phase L1-N parameter values Phase I (Amps) Phase-angle (Deg) V (Volts) Phase-angle (Deg) Set less than UPN< If wanted, change all settings cyclically for other faults (L2-N and L3-N). The setting parameter WEI is set to Echo &...

  • Page 223: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Activate the condition for accelerated function either by the autorecloser or by the loss-of-load. Apply a phase-to-earth fault at 100% of line impedance. Check that the fault is tripped instantaneously. 10.11.4.2 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting to...
  • Page 224 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection No TRIP signal should appear. Switch the fault current off. Reset the CR binary input. 10. Activate the BLOCK digital input. 11. Switch the fault current on (110% of the set operating current) and wait for a period longer than the set value tCoord.

  • Page 225: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.11.5.2 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were changed for testing purposes.
  • Page 226 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection No ECHO and CS should appear. Abruptly reverse the current to the setting of AngleRCA setup lagging the voltage, to operate the forward directional element. No ECHO and CS should appear. Switch off the current and check that the ECHO and CS appear on the corresponding binary output during 200ms after resetting the directional element.

  • Page 227: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10. Inject the polarizing voltage 3U0 to about 110% of the setting (3U0>) and adjust the phase angle between the voltage and current to (180°- AnglRCA) setting, the current leads the voltage. 11.

  • Page 228: Compensated Over- And Undervoltage Protection Couvgapc

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Check that all trip and start contacts operate according to the configuration (signal matrices). Finally check that start and trip information is stored in the event memory. Repeat steps 3 – 6 for phases L2 and L3. Inject symmetrical phase voltages and phase currents in all three phases, equal to SBase (rated voltage and current).

  • Page 229: Sudden Change In Current Variation Sccvptoc

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection this value is equal to: æ ö injected injected × ç ÷ injected injected è ø 14. Repeat step 13 for phases L2 and L3. 15. Set OperationOV to On. 16.

  • Page 230: Carrier Receive Logic Lccrptrc

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Increase the injected current in phase L1 slowly by more than the set I>. No signal shall be activated. Decrease the injected current in phase L1 to half the rated current. Increase the injected current in phase L1 in a step by more than the set I>.

  • Page 231: Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection Lcnsptov

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Have inputs CR1and CR2 activated. Start the timer from activation of input LOCTR and stop the timer from TRIP output. Check the trip time. If OpMode = 1 Out Of 2: 10.

  • Page 232: Zero Sequence Overvoltage Protection Lczsptov

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection I E D T E S T S E T IEC10000014-1-en.vsd IEC10000014 V1 EN Figure 45: Connection of test equipment Connect the test set for three-phase voltage injection to the appropriate IED terminals as shown in Figure Increase the injected voltage and note the operated value (start value) of the studied step of the function.

  • Page 233: Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection Lcnsptoc

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Connect the test set for three-phase voltage injection (L1, L2, L3) or residual voltage injection (N) to the appropriate IED terminals. This depends on how the IED is fed from the VT. Increase the injected zero sequence voltage and note the operated value (start value) of the studied step of the function.

  • Page 234: Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection Lczsptoc

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Connect the test set for three-phase current injection to the appropriate IED terminals as shown in Figure Increase the injected current and note the operated value (start value) of the studied step of the function.

  • Page 235: Three Phase Undercurrent Lcp3Ptuc

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Connect the test set for three-phase current injection to the appropriate IED terminals. Increase the injected current in phase L1 and note the operated value (start value) of the studied step of the function. Decrease the current slowly and note the reset value.

  • Page 236: Logic

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.12 Logic 10.12.1 Tripping logic, common 3-phase output SMPPTRC Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section "Preparing the IED to verify settings". This function is functionality tested together with other protection functions (line differential protection,earth-fault overcurrent protection, and so on) within the IED.

  • Page 237: 1Ph/2Ph/3Ph Operating Mode

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection trip outputs (TRLn) should be activated at a time. Functional outputs TRIP and TR1P should be active during each fault. No other outputs should be active. Initiate different phase-to-phase and three-phase faults. Consider using an adequate time interval between faults, to overcome a reclaim time, which is activated by SMBRREC.

  • Page 238: Circuit Breaker Lockout

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection occur for each separate fault and only corresponding two trip outputs (TRLn) should be activated at a time. Functional outputs TRIP and TR2P should be active at each fault. No other outputs should be active. Initiate a three-phase fault.

  • Page 239: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection A three-phase trip should occur and all trip outputs TRL1, TRL2, TRL3 should be activated. Functional outputs TRIP and TR3P should be active at each fault. The output CLLKOUT should not be set. Activate the automatic lockout function, set AutoLock = On and repeat.

  • Page 240: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Reset the BLOCK binary input. Check for reset lock out input RESET_LO to reset PRES_LO lock out signal. Conduct these steps for temperature input as well to detect and reset TEMP_ALM and TEMP_LO signals.

  • Page 241: Breaker Monitoring Sscbr

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.13.3 Breaker monitoring SSCBR Prepare the IED for verification of settings outlined in section “Testing the IED operation”. The Signal Monitoring tool in PCM600 shows the service values that are available on the Local HMI as well.
  • Page 242 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 6.1. Test the set timing defined byRatedOperCurr, RatedFltCurr, OperNoRated, OperNoFault, DirCoef, CBLifeAlmLevel. 6.2. Vary the phase current in the selected phase from below rated operated current, RatedOperCurr to above rated fault current, RatedFltCurr of a breaker.

  • Page 243: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.13.3.2 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the Test mode setting to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values if they were changed for testing purposes.

  • Page 244: Measuring The Operate Limit

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Table 39: Test settings Parameter Condition Higher than 30% I Healthy conditions U = 63,5 V, I = 0 A & ZF = 0° Impedance |Z| Test point Note: •...

  • Page 245: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection = set zero-sequence reactance of a line = set positive-sequence reactance of a line = set mutual zero-sequence impedance of a line 10.13.5.2 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting to Off.

  • Page 246: Verifying The Settings

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.14.2.1 Verifying the settings Common test equipment can be used to determine the injection of current and voltage and time measurement. Verification of EAFACC & ERFACC output Connect the test set for injection of three-phase currents and three phase voltage to the appropriate current and voltage terminals of the IED.

  • Page 247: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection Repeat the above test steps 1 to 2. Set tEnergy setting as 1 minute and supply the IED with three phase currents and voltages at their rated value till 1 minute. Ensure that the active and reactive energy values are less than the EALim and ERLim setting default values respectively.
  • Page 248 Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection To perform a test of Binary signal transfer function (BinSignReceive/ BinSignTransm), the hardware (LDCM) and binary input and output signals to transfer must be configured as required by the application. There are two types of internal self supervision of BinSignReceive/BinSignTransm •...

  • Page 249: Basic Ied Functions

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection IEC07000188 V1 EN Figure 47: Test of RTC with I/O 10.17 Basic IED functions 10.17.1 Parameter setting group handling SETGRPS Prepare the IED for verification of settings as outlined in section "Requirements"...

  • Page 250: Completing The Test

    Section 10 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Testing functionality by secondary injection 10.17.1.2 Completing the test Continue to test another function or end the test by changing the TestMode setting to Off. Restore connections and settings to their original values, if they were changed for testing purposes.

  • Page 251: Section 11 Checking The Directionality

    Section 11 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Checking the directionality Section 11 Checking the directionality 11.1 Overview Before starting this process, all individual devices that are involved in the fault clearance process of the protected object must have been individually tested and must be set in operation.
  • Page 252 Section 11 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Checking the directionality • for forward (exported) load: -15 deg < PHI < 115 deg • for reverse (imported) load: 165 deg < PHI < 295 deg The settings for forward load: - ArgDir < PHI < ArgNegRes and the settings for reverse load: 180 deg - ArgDir <...
  • Page 253 Section 11 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Checking the directionality If the directional function shows “No direction” for only some of the three phases, this probably means a wrong CTs/VTs connection. The measured impedance information is available under the same menu. These values are not affected by the minimum operating current setting of ZDRDIR or ZDMRDIR and the measured values are shown any time the load current is higher than 3% of the base current:...

  • Page 255: Section 12 Commissioning And Maintenance Of The Fault Clearing System

    The periodicity of all tests depends on several factors, for example the importance of the installation, environmental conditions, simple or complex equipment, static or electromechanical IEDs, and so on. The normal maintenance praxis of the user should be followed. However, ABB's recommendation is as follows: Every second to third year •...

  • Page 256: Visual Inspection

    IED at a time on live circuits where redundant protection is installed and de- energization of the primary circuit is not allowed. ABB protection IEDs are preferably tested by aid of components from the COMBITEST testing system described in information B03-9510 E. Main...

  • Page 257: Recording

    Section 12 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Commissioning and maintenance of the fault clearing system • Test instructions for protection IEDs to be tested • Test records from previous commissioning and maintenance tests • List of valid settings • Blank test records to fill in measured values 12.2.2.2 Recording It is of utmost importance to carefully record the test results.

  • Page 258: Measurement Of Service Currents

    Section 12 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Commissioning and maintenance of the fault clearing system is really closed when the test-plug handle has been removed by using a high-ohmic voltmeter and measuring between the plus and the trip output on the panel. The measurement is then done through the trip coil of the circuit breaker and therefore the complete trip circuit is checked.

  • Page 259: Restoring

    Section 12 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Commissioning and maintenance of the fault clearing system 12.2.2.8 Restoring Maintenance is very important to improve the availability of the protection system by detecting failures before the protection is required to operate. There is however little point in testing healthy equipment and then putting it back into service with an open terminal, with a removed fuse or open miniature circuit breaker with an open connection, wrong setting, and so on.

  • Page 261: Section 13 Glossary

    Section 13 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Glossary Section 13 Glossary Alternating current Actual channel Application configuration tool within PCM600 A/D converter Analog-to-digital converter ADBS Amplitude deadband supervision Analog digital conversion module, with time synchronization Analog input ANSI American National Standards Institute Autoreclosing ASCT Auxiliary summation current transformer...
  • Page 262 Section 13 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Glossary CCITT Consultative Committee for International Telegraph and Telephony. A United Nations-sponsored standards body within the International Telecommunications Union. CAN carrier module CCVT Capacitive Coupled Voltage Transformer Class C Protection Current Transformer class as per IEEE/ ANSI CMPPS Combined megapulses per second Communication Management tool in PCM600...
  • Page 263 Section 13 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Glossary DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DIP-switch Small switch mounted on a printed circuit board Digital input DLLB Dead line live bus Distributed Network Protocol as per IEEE Std 1815-2012 Disturbance recorder DRAM Dynamic random access memory Disturbance report handler Digital signal processor Direct transfer trip scheme...
  • Page 264 Section 13 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Glossary Gas-insulated switchgear GOOSE Generic object-oriented substation event Global positioning system GSAL Generic security application Generic substation event HDLC protocol High-level data link control, protocol based on the HDLC standard HFBR connector type Plastic fiber connector Human-machine interface HSAR High speed autoreclosing...
  • Page 265 Section 13 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Glossary item of information that is representative of a type. In the same way an instance of a function in the IED is representative of a type of function. 1. Internet protocol. The network layer for the TCP/IP protocol suite widely used on Ethernet networks.
  • Page 266 Section 13 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Glossary OLTC On-load tap changer OTEV Disturbance data recording initiated by other event than start/pick-up Overvoltage Overreach A term used to describe how the relay behaves during a fault condition. For example, a distance relay is overreaching when the impedance presented to it is smaller than the apparent impedance to the fault applied to the balance point, that is, the set reach.
  • Page 267 Section 13 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Glossary SCADA Supervision, control and data acquisition System configuration tool according to standard IEC 61850 Service data unit Serial communication module. SMA connector Subminiature version A, A threaded connector with constant impedance. Signal matrix tool within PCM600 Station monitoring system SNTP Simple network time protocol –...
  • Page 268 Section 13 1MRK 506 355-UEN A Glossary TPZ, TPY, TPX, TPS Current transformer class according to IEC Transformer Module. This module transforms currents and voltages taken from the process into levels suitable for further signal processing. Type identification User management tool Underreach A term used to describe how the relay behaves during a fault condition.
  • Page 270 Contact us Note: For more information please contact: We reserve the right to make technical changes or modify the contents of this document without prior notice. ABB AB ABB AB does not accept any responsibility whatsoever for potential Substation Automation Products errors or possible lack of information in this document.

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